The policy dialogue focused on the growing importance of international cooperation among competition authorities, particularly in response to digitalization and ever-increasing cross-border market activity. Panelists highlighted both formal tools (e.g., MOUs, FTAs) and informal channels (e.g., case discussions and networks) as essential for sharing expertise, aligning enforcement, and building capacity. Key themes included coordination in merger reviews, tackling challenges posed by big tech and AI, and addressing uneven institutional capabilities across jurisdictions.

Challenges such as legal constraints, resource gaps, and differing frameworks were noted, alongside the risks of fragmented enforcement if cooperation is limited. Successful approaches include trust-building through networking and secondments, as well as leveraging various international fora. The outcomes underscored that effective cooperation strengthens enforcement consistency, supports policy convergence, and enhances institutional capacity, with success measured by practical impacts, trust, and increased alignment across authorities.