This policy brief aims to explore the degree of upstreamness across various industries in APEC member economies. Upstreamness reflects the position of an industry or economy within the supply chain, with producers being more upstream if they specialise in producing intermediate goods. The brief begins by examining the concept of upstreamness, followed by an analysis of the industrial positioning of several APEC economies based on domestic input–output data. It will then discuss the benefits and challenges associated with upstream and downstream positions. Finally, the brief will highlight how policymakers can play a pivotal role in incentivising sustainable practices, addressing supply chain resilience, and fostering collaborative partnerships.