This case study is one of the five prepared for the 2016 APEC Economic Policy Report, which had a theme on structural reform and services. It examines the reforms to the electricity retail market in New Zealand between the early 1980s and 2016, with a particular focus on two key phases of change in 1999 and 2010. The case study illustrates the process, issues, problems, solutions and benefits associated with the reform of the New Zealand retail electricity sector, and also identifies some lessons for APEC members.