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Committee on Trade and Investment

Trade and investment liberalisation and facilitation are the cornerstones of APEC's mission and activities, and the Committee on Trade and Investment (CTI) is the coordinating body for all of APEC's work in these areas.

The CTI provides a forum for APEC's 21 member economies to deliberate trade and policy issues. It works to reduce impediments to business activity in the areas outlined by the Osaka Action Agenda, with the objective of helping APEC economies achieve the Bogor Goals of free and open trade and investment.

The CTI oversees:
  • Eight sub-groups: Business Mobility Group (BMG), Electronic Commerce Steering Group (ECSG), Group on Services (GOS), Intellectual Property Experts' Group (IPEG), Investment Experts' Group (IEG), Market Access Group (MAG), Sub-Committee on Customs Procedures (SCCP), Sub-Committee on Standards Conformance (SCSC); and
  • Three industry dialogues: Automotive Dialogue (AD), Chemical Dialogue (CD) and Life Sciences Innovation Forum (LSIF).

 

The CTI was established in November 1993 by the Declaration of an APEC Trade and Investment Framework. APEC Leaders and Ministers direct its work and APEC Senior Officials provide guidance. The scope of the CTI's work was expanded and further clarified by the Osaka Action Agenda in 1995.

  • Achievements
  • Current Activities
  • Contacts
  • News
  • Events

Average applied tariffs in APEC economies have been reduced from 16.9 percent in 1989, when APEC was established, to around 5.8 percent in 2010. APEC's total trade (goods and services) has increased from US$3.1 trillion in 1989 to US$16.8 trillion in 2010. Intra-APEC merchandise trade (exports and imports) has grown from US$1.7 trillion in 1989 to US$9.9 trillion in 2010, accounting for 67 percent of APEC's total merchandise trade.

 

In 2011, the CTI focused its work around the APEC 2011 priorities of (i) strengthening regional economic integration (REI) and expanding trade; (ii) promoting green growth; and (iii) advancing regulatory convergence and cooperation.  The 2011 CTI Annual Report to Ministers contains an overview of CTI’s work in 2011 and outlines advances made by the Committee to take forward its work program. Those advances and achievements include:

  • A set of guidelines for implementing recommendations and measures to track progress of APEC economies towards achieving Bogor Goals in 2010; 
  • The final assessment of the implementation of APEC’s Second Trade Facilitation Action Plan (TFAPII) with the assistance of the Policy Support Unit, which shows that trade costs within APEC were reduced by 5% in real terms during the 2007-2010 period. The reduction represents total savings for business of US$58.7 billion;
  • An agreement on a methodology to use internal and external indicators for measuring progress towards the 10% improvement of supply-chain performance (i.e. improving the flow of goods and services within the APEC region in terms of reduced time, cost and uncertainty) by 2015;
  • The identification of three next generation trade and investment issues: (i) facilitating global supply chains; (ii) enhancing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) participation in global production chains; and (iii) promoting effective, non-discriminatory, and market-driven innovation policy and the specific work to address these issues;
  • A proposed set of actions to address the next generation trade and investment issues of “Enhancing SMEs participation in Global Production Chains”;
  • The development of a list of nine barriers that SMEs face in trading in the region, in collaboration with the APEC SME Working Group. The CTI worked with APEC economies to identify concrete actions to address those barriers related to trade and investment liberalization;
  • The identification of “interoperability standards for smart grid” as the first emerging regulatory issue to be worked on in 2011 under the APEC Regulatory Cooperation Advancement Mechanism on Trade Related Standards and Technical Regulations (ARCAM) and agreed on a set of recommendations to promote interoperable standards for smart grid.
  • The development of two new pathfinders: Pathfinder to enhance Supply Chain Connectivity by Establishing a Baseline De Minimis Value that seeks to exempt express and postal shipments from customs duties or taxes and from certain entry documentation requirements for shipments and Pathfinder on Facilitating Trade in Remanufactured Goods that ensures participating economies do not apply measures specifically concerning used goods to remanufactured goods.
  • The substantive progress made in the implementation of the action plans endorsed in 2010 to address the eight chokepoints under the Supply-Chain Connectivity (SCI) Framework as they relate to regulatory impediments, customs inefficiencies and inadequate transport networks and infrastructure.
  • The contribution to the development of a set of policies economies would adopt to promote innovation without distorting global markets.   The set of policies was adopted by APEC Leaders and attached as Annex A to their statement in 2011.
  • The advancement of work on liberalizing the trade and investment in environmental goods and services (EGS).  The CTI discussed a proposal for an APEC EGS Technology Dissemination Action Plan. The Committee also contributed to the development of Annex C of the 2011 Leaders’ Statement on Trade and Investment in Environmental Goods and Services. 

The CTI had its first meeting in 2012 on 14-15 February in Moscow, Russia where it adopted a work program for the year that is aligned to three of the four APEC 2012 Priorities; namely (i) trade and investment liberalization and regional economic integration; (ii) establishing reliable supply chains; and (iii) intensive cooperation to foster innovative growth, as well as the APEC 2011 priority of “expanding regulatory cooperation and advancing regulatory coherence”.  It held its second meeting on 2-3 April in Singapore to discuss and advance the work program set out in Moscow. The key elements of the CTI’s work in 2012 include:

 

Bogor Goals Review Process

  • The CTI, assisted by the APEC Policy Support Unit (PSU), convened a “Trade Policy Dialogue (TPD) on Measuring Progress – Development of a Dashboard for the Individual Action Plan 2012” with other international organizations on 12 February 2012. The TPD aims to enable economies to have a better understanding of the indicators to be suggested for inclusion in the Individual Action Plan (IAP) Dashboard.  Experts from the World Trade Organization (WTO), the World Economic Forum, the World Bank and the Turku School of Economics were invited to present on databases and indicators developed by their respective institutions in the areas of non-tariff measures, investment and trade facilitation. At the April meeting, the CTI had an extensive discussion on the indicators to be included in the Dashboard, and how it is to be disseminated. Discussions will continue intersessionally and at CTI3 in Kazan in May.
  • The preparations for the Individual Action Plans (IAPs) Peer Reviews in 2012, under the guidelines adopted last year, are on track. The PSU will prepare brief reports with key highlights on members’ main achievements and remaining areas for improvements based on the IAPs submitted for discussion at the second Senior Officials’ Meeting (SOM2) in Kazan, Russia.  These reports will be circulated three weeks prior to SOM2 to economies for their review and comment. 

 

Exploring an Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) 

  • The CTI received a comprehensive progress report from Korea on the Regional Economic Integration (REI) capacity building needs initiative and the proposed Action Plan Framework for REI Capacity Building Needs Initiative. Several economies have confirmed their intention to lead, co-sponsor or participate in specific areas of the action plan.

 

Next Generation Trade and Investment Issues

  • The CTI adopted a work plan on next generation trade and investment issues to guide its work in 2012 in response to APEC Economic Leaders’ instructions from November 2011 (see Annex 1).  The CTI, through its Friends of the Chair on Next Generation Trade and Investment Issues (NGeTI FoTC), received several new ideas for consideration as additional next generation issues to be addressed in 2012. The issues being proposed for consideration were based on the understanding that one to two will be selected for work this year. These issues included: integration of competition policy into Free Trade Agreements (FTAs); regulatory principles for access to essential network-based infrastructure facilities in the services sector; Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) best practices; Transparency in FTAs; enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in the Digital Environment; and Securing Open Markets for Digital Products. The CTI agreed to continue discussing the proposals in the lead up to CTI3 in Kazan, Russia.
  • The CTI also continued to progress the implementation of the next generation trade and investment issues that were addressed by Leaders in 2011, as well as to advance work on global supply chains improvement. An “APEC Conference on Innovation and Trade: Policy Considerations Related to Generating and Absorbing Innovation” was held after the CTI2 meeting on 4-5 April and addressed the intersection between the APEC Leaders’ commitment on innovation and trade and the goals that economies all share to improve their capacity to absorb innovation. A “Seminar on Facilitating Global Supply Chains (GSC) and Enhancing SMEs Participation in Global Production Chains (GPC)” is being scheduled to take place prior to CTI3 in May 2012 in Kazan, Russia to progress GSC and GPC as next generation issues.

Environmental Goods and Services/Green Growth

  • The CTI conducted a second TPD on Environmental Goods on 13 February 2012, where members received presentations on regional and global environmental challenges and environmental products and technologies. Members also considered how increased trade and investment in these products can help APEC economies address those challenges. In addition, they deliberated on issues relating to classification, definitions, and scope of environmental goods, including by referring to lists of environmental goods developed by other international organizations. The TPD generated productive discussions among officials and afforded a timely opportunity to exchange information and deepen understanding on the key policy issues, objectives and other considerations relating to the mandate, set out in Annex C of the APEC Economic Leaders’ Statement of November 2011, to work to develop in 2012 an APEC list of environmental goods.
  • At CTI1 in February, the CTI agreed to an “Indicative Timeline” to develop an APEC List of Environmental Goods in 2012. By the time of CTI2 in April, 10 economies had submitted their initial product nominations for consideration. Other economies indicated that they are still carrying out internal consultations to prepare their own lists, and/or to provide comments on the lists presented thus far.  In accordance to the indicative timeline agreed at CTI1, the lead of the FoTC on EGS will circulate a compiled list to economies by 15 April for economies to provide initial comments by 1 May.

 

Supply-Chain Connectivity Framework and Action Plan

  • The CTI adopted a work plan on supply-chain connectivity, developed by the FoTC on Supply-Chain Connectivity, to progress the Supply-Chain Connectivity Framework and Action Plan and received reports from focus group leads on the progress made in the implementation of the plans Framework to address the eight choke points. Some of the initiatives being pursued include:
  • A proposal to Advance the Action Plan for Chokepoint 1 of the APEC Supply-Chain Connectivity Framework led by the United States and co-sponsored by Australia; Hong Kong, China; and Japan. With assistance from the World Bank, APEC will (i) develop a “Supply-Chain Connectivity (SC) Inventory” to identify internal policies and practices related to the cross-border movement of goods affecting the logistics sector for Chokepoint 1 (i.e. Lack of transparency/awareness of full scope of regulatory issues affecting logistics; Lack of awareness and coordination among government agencies on policies affecting logistics sector; Absence of single contact point or champion agency on logistics matters); (ii) draft a series of two diagnostic reports to identify variances in capacity; and (iii) develop individualized capacity building programs to assist economies in implementing the SC Inventory for Chokepoint 1. 
  • A proposed capacity building program for the Pathfinder to Enhance Supply-Chain Connectivity by Establishing a Baseline De Minimis Value led by the United States and co-sponsored by Hong Kong, China and Japan. The objective of the capacity building program is to provide participating economies with detailed analysis to assist in the decision-making process to join the Pathfinder. The case studies would be performed by an independent consultant, working with in-economy experts, to identify the benefits and challenges related to raising de minimis values within economies participating in the case study process. 
  • A proposed multi-year capacity building project for Enhancing Logistics Performance through Training and Networking for APEC Local/Regional Logistics Sub-providers led by China. The proposal includes initiatives relating to training courses in access to advanced technologies and modern supply chain practices and models, as well as a proposal to develop a platform to distribute information. 
  • The CTI held a Symposium on Supply-Chain Connectivity Measurement Framework in the margins of CTI2 in Singapore from 31 March – 1 April 2012 to share experiences and exchange views on the measurement of supply-chain connectivity from different perspectives (international organizations, private sectors and academia); and to stock-take the implementation of the Supply-Chain Connectivity Framework Action Plan (SCFAP). The Symposium also discussed the draft design of the self-assessment survey that will be used to complement the internal and external indicators for tracking APEC’s progress towards the 10% improvement by 2015 in supply-chain performance. The CTI agreed that economies will provide comments on the draft self-assessment survey intersessionally with a view of finalizing it for adoption at CTI3 in Kazan, Russia.

 

Expanding Regulatory Cooperation and Advancing Regulatory Convergence

  • The CTI agreed that the second dialogue of the APEC Regulatory Cooperation Process Advancement Mechanism (ARCAM) would address the issue of self-regulation in advertising. The dialogue is being planned for the 4th quarter of 2012. 

More information about the CTI's work program can also be found in the CTI's sub-groups webpages. The CTI will next meet in Singapore on 2-3 April to advance its 2012 work program. 

Monica CONTRERAS (Ms)
Chair
Deputy Director for Multilateral & Regional Negotiations
Ministry of Economy
Alfonso Reyes No. 30, 1st Floor
Colonia Hipodromo Condesa, Del Cuauhtemoc
CP 06140 Mexico
Tel: +525 5 5729 9162
Fax: +525 5 5729 9313
Email:
Catherine WONG (Ms)
Special Assistant to CTI Chair
APEC Secretariat
Email: